Classification of Neoplasm😊

Classification of Neoplasm

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Benign Tumors:

  • Typically end with "-oma" (e.g., lipoma, fibroma, adenoma).
  • Exceptions (Malignant despite "-oma" suffix):
    • Lymphoma
    • Melanoma
    • Seminoma
    • Chloroma: 
      • Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in soft tissue;
        • Most common in orbit.
            • notion image

Malignant Tumors:

  • Carcinomas:
    • Arise from epithelial origin.
    • Examples: squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma.
  • Sarcomas:
    • Arise from mesenchymal origin.
    • Examples: liposarcoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma.

Teratoma:

  • Tumor from two or more germ layers.
  • Contains tissues like hair, bone, teeth, skin.
  • Types:
    • Mature Teratoma: Benign.
    • Immature Teratoma: Can be malignant.
  • Mature cystic teratoma 
    • dermoid cyst.

Mixed Tumors:

  • Contain both epithelial and mesenchymal components in the same tumor.
  • Example: 
    • Pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor);
    • common in salivary gland (e.g., parotid).

Special Terms related to Neoplasia

Hamartoma:

  • Mnemonic: Hamara tissue, hamara popcorn, hamara coin
  • Benign tumor of native ("hamara") tissue present in the organ.
    • Example: Pulmonary hamartoma (cartilage in lungs).
  • Radiology: Coin lesion, popcorn calcification.

Choristoma:

  • Mnemonic: Chori gaya tumor
  • Not a true tumor.
  • Ectopic tissue:
    • Normal tissue in an abnormal location.
  • Example: Pancreatic tissue in stomach wall.
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